Search engine optimization of a site according to a global audience is known as global SEO. The technique for global SEO remains the same but targeting is quite large. Because to rank globally you need to full fill the intent of users present all over the world.
If you are providing a service or product internationally then global SEO is the best technique. In global SEO you need to do multi-language targeting. International geographical targeting. For which you may need to design the same website in different languages.
Moreover, for location targeting, you can go for city-oriented domain extensions or web pages.